Explanation Text Part-1

Hello everyone, nice to meet you guys again. on this occasion I will explain about the explanation text

• What is Explanation Text?

 

Explanatory text is a description of how something works or how to do something. If concluded, explanation text is a type of English text that contains about how or why something happened. Generally, this type of text describes the process of something happening. The things described in the explanatory text are natural and social phenomena.

 

What Is Function of Explanation Text?

 

Explanatory Text Called fiction but text that contains factual and real things. So, what is the purpose? There are two main functions, namely: 

• Explanatory text aims to reveal the process of the occurrence of a phenomenon. Be it natural, social, cultural and scientific phenomena and even technology. 

• Explain in detail how or why something happened. Usually the explanatory text is composed of two basic questions, namely how (how) and why (why).

 

 

• What is General Structure of the Explanation Text

 

• General Statement 

The General Statement is the opening section. This section describes the issues regarding the phenomenon/topic to be discussed. Usually contains a variety of general information that brings the reader to the core of the discussion.

 

•Sequence of Event 

In this section you will find a more detailed discussion of a phenomenon. The explanation section is the core part of the text that explains the series of events or processes of the topic being discussed. Contains a detailed and coherent explanation of how and why something happened. 

 

• Closing 

It is optional and not mandatory in an explanation text. Contains additional information or opinions from the author regarding the phenomenon or topic of discussion

 

The linguistic elements of the explanatory text Some of the linguistic features of explanatory texts in English are: 

 

Noun phrases, examples of blue color in the sky, the roasted beans, a brief transient sound, and others.

 

-Action verbs, for example produces, enters, moves, and others. 

 

-Simple present tense, because it explains the facts, the tense used is the present tense. 

 

-Passive voice, passive voice is used when the explanation focuses on the process or action, for example is produced, are fermented, is reflected, and so on.

 

EXERCISE

Answer these questions below based on the text given correctly.

Tsunami

   Tsunami occurs when major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.

A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning and damage to property.

A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the ocean floor. This disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean, but once it reaches shallow water, this fast

 traveling wave grows very large

1. Tsunami happens because ....

2. What are the impacts of tsunami ?

3. Mention the disturbance of tsunami!

4. From second paragraph we know that ....

5. The text mostly tells us about ....

 

Answer 

1. Tsunami happens because major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips.

2. The impacts of Tsunami are disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to

drowning, and damage to property

3. The disturbance of tsunami is that the ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of

the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline,

where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth

crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.

4. From the second paragraph we know that tsunami makes unfortunate event.

5. The text mostly tells us about how and why tsunami happens.

 

EXERCISE

 

Teks Eksplanasi 1:

Recycling is a collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process reclaims the

    original material and uses it in new products.

In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs less and requires less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, eitherby reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or by minimizing the amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process.

Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping

  paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint. In newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes to a processing plant where it is mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a machine that works much like a big kitchen blender. The pulp is screened and filtered to remove smaller contaminants. The pulp then goes to a large vat where the ink separates from the paper fibers and fl oats to the surface. The ink is skimmed off, dried and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is mixed with new wood fibers to be made into paper again.

Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 kg of wastepaper per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m ( about 50 cu ft ) of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees ( trees used

 to produce paper ).

 

1. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT...

A. Precious metals

B. Broken glass

C. Old newspapers

D. Plastic spoons

E. Fresh vegetables and fruits

 

2. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of recycling?

A. It costs much money for the process of recycling

B. It costs less to make new products

C. It requires less energy

D. It can reduce pollution

E. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives

 

3. What is the third step of recycling paper products?

A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminium foil

B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp

C. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants

D. Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibres

E. Mix the pulp with new wood fibres to be made into paper again

 

4. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibres by doing the followings, EXCEPT....

A. Skim it off

B. Dry it

C. Reuse as ink

D. Burn as boiler fuel 

E. Mix it with the pulp

 

Teks Eksplanasi 2

Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where they

are needed. This process is called digestion.

The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.

From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the food onwards.

In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.

5. What is the text about?

A. The digestive system

B. The digestive juice

C. The method of the digestive system

D. The process of intestine work E. The food substances

 

6. How can we swallow the food easily?

A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.

B. The food must be digested first through the process.

C. The food is directly swallowed through esophagus into the stomach.

D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.

E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood to

the places.

 

7. From the text above, we imply that ....

A. a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.

B. no one concerned with the process of digestive system for their health.

C. the digestive system is needed if we are eating the food instantly.

D. every body must conduct the processes of digestive system well.

E. the better we digest the food we eat, the healthier we will be.

 

8. Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. (Paragraph 1)

The phrase made up means ....

A. Produced

B. Managed

C. Arranged

D. Completed 

E. Constructed

   

Teks Eksplanasi 3

   Have you ever wondered how people get chocolate from? In this article we’ll enter the amazing world of chocolate so you can understand exactly what you’re eating. Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruit are the tree’s seeds, also known as cocoa beans.

 The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then, the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs form liquid. It’s pure bitter chocolate.

9. The text is about ....

A. the cacao tree

B. the cacao beans 

C. the raw chocolate

D. the making of chocolate 

E. the flavour of chocolate

  

10. The third paragraph focuses on ....

A. the process of producing chocolate

B. how to produce the cocoa flavour

C. where chocolate comes from

D. the chocolate liquor

E. the cacao fruit

 

11. ...so they are often sorted and blended to produce ... (Paragraph 3.) The word sorted has the closest meaning to ....

A. Arranged 

B. Combined 

C. Separated

D. Distributed

E. Organized

 

12. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?

A. By fermenting the beans. 

B. By roasting the beans

C. By blending the beans. 

D. By sorting the beans. 

E. By drying the beans

 

    Teks Eksplanasi 4

What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a food-making process that occurs in green plants. It is the chief function of leaves. The word photosynthesis means putting together with light. Green plants use energy from light to combine carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and other chemical compounds.

   How is the light used in photosynthesis?

The light used in photosynthesis is absorbed by a green pigment calledhlorophyll. Each food-making cell in a plant leaf contains chlorophyll in small bodies called chloroplasts. In chloroplast, light energy causes water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

 What are the steps of photosynthesis process? Let me tell you the process of photosynthesis, in a series of complicated steps, the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air, forming a simple sugar. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process. From sugar together with nitrogen, sulphur, and phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein, vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.

13. What step after the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air ...

A. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.

B. Water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

C. Food-making process that occurs in green plants.

D. Phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein,

vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life.

E. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.

 

14. What are photosynthesis need ....

A. Water, light, oxygen, worm 

B. Soil, chlorophyll, sun, human 

C. Bug, air, oxigen, food

D. Light, Carbon dioxide, humus 

E. Candle, vitamins, hydrogen

 

15. What the product of photosynthesis ....

A. Sugar

B. Food and O2 

C. Root

D. Food 

E. Branch